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Five Common Immigration Scams Immigrants Fall Victim To and How to Protect Yourself

Scammers often target immigrants, taking advantage of fear, language barriers, and the complexity of U.S. immigration law. Every year, thousands of people lose money, legal status, and even their chance to remain in the United States because they trusted the wrong person. Below are five of the most common immigration scams, along with real-world examples that have appeared repeatedly in the media.

1. Fake Immigration Lawyers and “Notarios”

One of the most harmful scams involves individuals posing as immigration attorneys or “notarios.” In many reported cases across major U.S. cities, non-lawyers opened offices offering green cards, asylum, or work permits. Victims paid thousands of dollars, received fake receipt notices, and heard that their cases remained pending for years. Some later discovered that no one ever filed their applications, while others ended up in removal proceedings after scammers submitted incorrect paperwork.

2. USCIS Fee Scams and Fake Payment Requests to Immigrants

Scammers frequently contact immigrants, pretend to represent USCIS, and demand immediate payment to avoid denial or deportation. Media reports describe victims receiving emails and text messages using official-looking logos, real USCIS addresses, and correct fee amounts. Scammers instructed many victims to pay using gift cards, wire transfers, or online payment apps because these methods allow them to collect money quickly and avoid detection or refunds. The government does not use those methods.

3. “Guaranteed” Green Card or Visa Lottery Scams

Promises of guaranteed green cards or special visa programs are another widespread scam. Investigative reporting has exposed companies advertising “fast-track” immigration programs on social media and messaging apps. These scams often target vulnerable immigrant communities and charge large upfront fees. Victims later learn that the programs never existed or that they were never eligible in the first place.

4. Calls or Emails to Immigrants Pretending to Be ICE or USCIS

Scammers often impersonate ICE or USCIS officers and threaten arrest or deportation. In widely covered cases, immigrants received calls claiming ICE had issued a warrant, and received a demand for payment to “fix” the problem. Some scammers even spoof government phone numbers or send emails with official seals to create panic and force quick payment.

5. Fake Job Offers Promising Immigrants Visas or Work Authorization

Employment-based immigration scams are increasingly common. Media outlets have reported on fake companies offering sponsorship for H-1B, EB-3, or other work visas. Scammers asked victims to pay placement fees and gave them fake job contracts. No legitimate employer existed, and no one filed any petition with USCIS.

How to Find a Legitimate Immigration Attorney

To avoid scams, immigrants should take the following steps when choosing legal help:

  • Verify that the attorney holds an active license and remains in good standing with a U.S. state bar.
  • Confirm that the person is an attorney, not a “notario” or consultant.
  • Ask for a written retainer agreement clearly explaining services and fees.
  • Never trust guarantees! No attorney can promise a specific immigration outcome.
  • Be cautious of anyone who pressures you to pay immediately or only accepts cash or gift cards.
  • Legitimate lawyers will not call you and pressure you to sign up, coercing you to send money before a contract.
  • Ensure you receive copies of everything filed on your behalf and real USCIS receipt notices.
  • A legitimate U.S. immigration attorney will provide a detailed retainer (contract for legal services) and explain what it requires of you and of them.
  • A legitimate immigration attorney will explain your options honestly, answer your questions, and never rush or intimidate you.

Shepelsky Law Group can help if you or someone you care about has dealt with an immigration scam or needs reliable legal guidance.

With over 23 years of trusted experience in immigration law, Shepelsky Law Group has helped thousands of immigrants protect their rights, avoid costly mistakes, and pursue lawful status in the United States.

Call us today to schedule a confidential consultation and get answers you can trust.

Learn how to spot red flags and protect yourself from an immigration scam, especially during the holidays, here.